A note in one of Chris' tutorials reminded me of this... the need to whack a self. on the front of every acquired attribute inside a pythonmethod is slowly driving me insane. from what I can see, the issue is that Python itself won't accept anything but a dictionary for the namespace arguments to exec or eval()... right? This means you can't pass a MultiMapping to it... I'm assuming this is so for performance, or is it just because that's how it's always been? Is this likely to be changed? Can anyone else see a way out of this? I thought about adding something to MultiMappings to allow you to generate a proper dictionary from the MM, but that would bite for performance in a big way... Hm, might try hacking the interpreter's source to switch the test from PyDict_Check to PyMapping_Check, see what happens... Anthony