Hi, I've fiddled a bit with https://bugs.edge.launchpad.net/zope.i18n/+bug/592753 and ended up with an unclear situation: The ``translate'' methods of both zope.i18n and ITranslationDomain have optional parameters for the domain/default/mapping attributes of a message ID. The message ID attributes always override the parameters but it is not said why. (I probed the tests and they at least verify that this is the case but don't state motivation.) As I had to chase this down for quite a while when I originally tried to call zope.i18n.translate() directly (for providing translated emails) it took me quite a while to understand what's going on. I see two possibilities for improving the situation: - don't implicitly ignore the parameters, but raise an exception if both a message id and at least one of the parameters (domain/default /mapping) is given and write some documentation that explains the situation (what is happening and why) or - make the parameters take precendence over the message id attributes So - why not do the latter? Christian -- Christian Theune · ct@gocept.com gocept gmbh & co. kg · forsterstraße 29 · 06112 halle (saale) · germany http://gocept.com · tel +49 345 1229889 0 · fax +49 345 1229889 1 Zope and Plone consulting and development