I've upgraded my installation from Zope2.8.4 to Zope 2.10.4 (by copying data.fs, Products/ etc.). I have publisher encoding and management_page_charset set to utf-8. Also system default encoding is utf-8. Zope 2.10 is said to have better Unicode support with UnicodeEncodeConflictResolver. It is but unfortunatelly in some cases this is not enough. Seems that code that is 'protected' by Resolver is not the only code that may be affected by non unicode strings. Simple example is with 'structure' keyword. eg: This works (resolver resolves conflict): <em tal:content="python: 'żółć'">template id</em>. This doesn't work: <em tal:content="structure python: 'żółć'">template id</em>. Also if you have Folder instance and set it's Title to the string that contains some i18n characters you're not able to even add page template inside it. Error traceback in both cases is same: Error Type: UnicodeDecodeError Error Value: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc5 in position 200: ordinal not in range(128) Traceback (innermost last): Module ZPublisher.Publish, line 119, in publish Module ZPublisher.mapply, line 88, in mapply Module ZPublisher.Publish, line 42, in call_object Module Shared.DC.Scripts.Bindings, line 313, in __call__ Module Shared.DC.Scripts.Bindings, line 350, in _bindAndExec Module Products.PageTemplates.PageTemplateFile, line 129, in _exec Module Products.PageTemplates.PageTemplate, line 89, in pt_render Module zope.pagetemplate.pagetemplate, line 117, in pt_render Module zope.tal.talinterpreter, line 271, in __call__ Module zope.tal.talinterpreter, line 346, in interpret Module zope.tal.talinterpreter, line 534, in do_optTag_tal Module zope.tal.talinterpreter, line 516, in no_tag Module zope.tal.talinterpreter, line 346, in interpret Module zope.tal.talinterpreter, line 754, in do_insertStructure_tal UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc5 in position 200: ordinal not in range(128) problem is with: text = unicode(structure) at Module zope.tal.talinterpreter, line 754, in do_insertStructure_tal sitecustomize.py with setdefaultencoding('utf-8') solves this but it is not nice solution. I wonder whether this should be submitted as a bug, or maybe there is different solution that I've missed? For the record: one more thing that was wrong for me during migration was 'expand' attribute of ZPT that in case of few ZPT objects was set to true in 2.10.4 while oryginally in 2.8.4 it was false. This caused that tales expressions disappeared from ZPTs under 2.10.4. I've written a script that explicitly set expand=0 to all ZPT instances in Zope 2.8.4 and then, after migration, everything is OK. -- Maciej Wisniowski