I am importing a large data set via Zope into a Postgres database. Data items may or may not exist so I am using the optional argument in the zsql methods. What I want is that if the data is missing the database inserts default values. However, if type="string", the absent data item is rendered as '' if type="nb", the absent data item is rendered as 'Null' In either case this does not allow default values to be inserted. I can insert the defaults by doing this: .....ZSQL..... snip..... <dtml-if surnamefirst> <dtml-sqlvar surnamefirst type="string"> , <dtml-else> DEFAULT, </dtml-if> With 20 or so inserts in one query this gets messy and could be slow? if this method has to be called many times on one import cycle. My question is therefore is there a cleaner way of doing this or am I on the right track? Regards Garry